Savitri and Satprem: French translation

Savitri and Satprem: French translation

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Savitri and Satprem: French translation

Dear Deshpande, I posted this yesterday on Auronet, about Satprem French translation of Savitri. You may be interested.

Warmly,

Marc

Traduction française de Savitri par Satprem, quelques considérations.

It was the hour before the Gods awake.

Across the path of the divine Event,                                                              

The huge foreboding Mind of Night, alone

In her unlit temple of eternity,

Lay stretched, immobile upon Silence marge.”

Au vers trois, Satprem traduit “foreboding” par « menaçant » :

L’énorme front de la Nuit, menaçant, seul… »

Mais Foreboding signifie inquiet, lourd de pressentiments, plein d’appréhension. Il faudrait donc entendre « L’énorme front de la Nuit, inquiet, seul… ».

Oxford Language: “What does foreboding mean in literature? Foreboding is a strong feeling that something terrible is going to happen”.

 Shraddavan écrit “Here, foreboding, often a noun, is used as an adjective describing the mind of Night, the subject of the sentence. Night is in her temple, lying stretched out, unmoving, “upon silence’ marge”. But Night is not asleep, she is conscious, and she is foreboding. She is feeling that something very bad for her is approaching: the divine Event, the coming of the dawn and the Day which will mean the end of her reign.

 « Mind of Night » pose problème pour le traducteur : un « Mental fait de nuit », dont la Nuit est la substance, comme expliqué par Sri Aurobindo (Letters on Savitri, p 76) alors qui il est question d’une « sword of sheen… laquelle, pour quiconque doué d’une imagination alerte peut signifier plus qu’une « épée brillante » : une épée qui « émet de la lumière », qui semble « faite de lumière » ; suivent quelques cas similaires, « an arm of strenght », « a face of glory » , « a wall of safety ».  

La difficulté augmente car « Mind of Night » est féminin, « In her unlit temple of eternity », une Shakti sombre pourrait-on dire, ce que ne rend pas la traduction française.  Sous la plume de Sri Aurobindo, Mind of Night vient en antagoniste et complémentaire de Mind of Light. En Français, contrairement à « Mental de Lumière », « Mental de Nuit » sonne mal.

Dans sa traduction de Saviri, Raymond Thépot écrit « Lourd de pressentimentsl’esprit de la Nuit, solitaire… »

Janine Panier (petite fille de Mère) traduit : « L’énorme mental menaçant de la nuit, seul… ».

Une solution pourrait être « la Nuit mentale » assez proche de « Mind of Night » avec l’avantage d’être féminin.

Par ailleurs, la traduction de Satprem, assez souvent, laisse une impression assez gênante qu’un voile de Satprem couvre l’immensité impersonnelle de Sri Aurobindo. Par exemple, Satprem traduit « body » (« his knowledge, a bright body of ignorance »), par « cadavre de l’ignorance », plusieurs fois « mould », « frame » ou « limb » par « carcasse », choquants dans le contexte et sous la plume de Sri Aurobindo. Ailleurs, dusk (crépuscule, nuit tombante) est traduit par ténèbres. Ou encore « His soul is a guest, a sovereing mute, inert… » traduit par « Son âme souveraine muette et inerte, est un parasite (de la Nature), « pit » devient « enfer » ou encore « lift up the fallen heart…» devient « Arrache le cœur déchu… », etcCette tendance apparait trop souvent. Il semble que « foreboding/ menaçant » soit du même ordre.

Une autre particularité est la présence en filigrane du marin Satprem. Ici et là se glissent des images et suggestions de mer ou de voile alors qu’elles n’existent pas dans l’original.

 Cela n’enlève rien, bien sûr, à ce que Satprem nous a apporté par ailleurs, mais tout de même… 

Google Translation:

Dear Deshpande, I posted this yesterday on Auronet, about Satprem French translation of Savitri. You may be interested.

Warmly,

Marc

French translation of Savitri by Satprem, some considerations.

“ It was the hour before the Gods woke.

Across the path of the divine Event,

The huge foreboding Mind of Night , alone

In her unlit temple of eternity,

Lay stretched, immobile upon Silence margin.”

In verse three, Satprem translates “ foreboding ” as “ threatening ”:

The enormous forehead of the Night,threatening, alone… »

But Foreboding means worried, heavy with foreboding, full of apprehension . It should therefore be understood as “The enormous forehead of the Night, worried , alone…”.

Oxford Language: “What does foreboding mean in literature? Foreboding is a strong feeling that something terrible is going to happen ”.

 Shraddavan writes ” Here, foreboding, often a noun, is used as an adjective describing the mind of Night, the subject of the sentence. Night is in her temple, lying stretched out, unmoving, “upon silence’ margin”. But Night is not asleep, she is conscious, and she is foreboding. She is feeling that something very bad for her is approaching: the divine Event, the coming of the dawn and the Day which will mean the end of her reign.”

 ” Mind of Night ” poses a problem for the translator: a “Mind made of night”, of which Night is the substance, as explained by Sri Aurobindo (Letters on Savitri, p. 76) when it is a question of a ” sword of sheen … which, for anyone with an alert imagination, can mean more than a “shining sword”: a sword that “emits light”, that seems “made of light” ; some similar cases follow, ” an arm of strength”, “a face of glory”, “a wall of safety “. 

The difficulty increases because “Mind of Night” is feminine, ” In her unlit temple of eternity “, a dark Shakti one could say, which the French translation does not convey. In Sri Aurobindo’s writing, Mind of Night serves as both antagonist and complement to Mind of Light. In French, unlike ” Mental de Lumière ,” ” Mental de Nuit ” sounds bad.

In his translation of Saviri, Raymond Thépot writes “ Heavy with forebodings the spirit of the Night , solitary… ”

Janine Panier (Mother’s granddaughter) translates: ” The enormous threatening mind of the night , alone …”.

One solution could be “Mental Night” which is quite close to ” Mind of Night ” with the advantage of being feminine.

Moreover, Satprem’s translation, quite often, leaves a rather disturbing impression that a veil of Satprem covers the impersonal immensity of Sri Aurobindo. For example, Satprem translates ” body ” (” his knowledge, a bright body of ignorance “), as ” corpse of ignorance”, several times ” mould “, ” frame ” or ” limb ” as ” carcass “, shocking in the context and under the pen of Sri Aurobindo. Elsewhere, dusk (twilight, falling night) is translated as darkness . Or again ” His soul is a guest, a sovereign mute, inert… ” translated as “His sovereign soul mute and inert, is a parasite (of Nature), ” pit ” becomes ” hell” or again ” lift up the fallen heart…”» becomes « Tear out the fallen heart  » etc. This trend appears too often. It seems that « foreboding/threatening » is of the same order.

Another peculiarity is the implicit presence of the sailor Satprem. Here and there, images and suggestions of the sea or sailing slip in, even though they do not exist in the original.

This does not, of course, take anything away from what Satprem has brought us elsewhere, but still… 

One response to “Savitri and Satprem: French translation”

  1. RY Deshpande Avatar
    RY Deshpande

    There is a little history behind this opening passage of Savitri:

    It was the hour before the Gods awake.

    Across the path of the divine Event,                                                              

    The huge foreboding mind of Night, alone

    In her unlit temple of eternity,

    Lay stretched, immobile upon Silence marge.

    In an earlier draft the third line was “The huge foreboding spirit of Night, alone”. Sri Aurobindo while copying it in the final handwritten draft made it “The huge foreboding spirit mind of Night, alone”. This change from “spirit” to “mind” is significant. It has the mighty weight and preciousness of the spiritual realisations the Yogi by now had, these pertaining to what he later called the Mind of Light. Mind of Light is the Mind of the Physical, the physical’s mind which opens to the supramental Light and Force. It is with that the physical transformation into the bodily divine substance begins to happen. If the Mind of Light is the physical’s mind receiving the Supramental we could as well say that the Mind of Night is the physical’s mind governed by the Night of the Inconscience, is under its dark sway. It is this mind which is standing across the path of the divine Event, the supramental manifestation, of a divine life in a divine body, not immortal but luminously deathless. The type of the physical body is then formed according to the needs of the creative dynamic Consciousness-Force.

    We may here very well refer to a letter Sri Aurobindo had written long before this. It pinpoints where exactly lies the problem of physical transformation:

    “Haeckel, the German materialist, spoke somewhere of the will in the atom, and recent science, dealing with the incalculable individual variation in the activity of the electrons, comes near to perceiving that this is not a figure but the shadow thrown by a secret reality. This body-mind is a very tangible truth; owing to its obscurity and mechanical clinging to past movements and facile oblivion and rejection of the new, we find in it one of the chief obstacles to permeation by the supermind Force and the transformation of the functioning of the body. On the other hand, once effectively converted, it will be one of the most precious instruments for the stabilisation of the supramental Light and Force in material Nature.” (p. 340)

    https://incarnateword.in/sabcl/22/planes-and-parts-of-the-being-x

    His yogic pursuit was to effectively convert it to become the most precious instrument for the stabilisation of the supramental Light and Force in material Nature. This he achieved.

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